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<div class="section" id="Traveling-Salesman">
<h1><span class="section-number">4. </span>Traveling Salesman<a class="headerlink" href="#Traveling-Salesman" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<div class="section" id="Problem-definition">
<h2><span class="section-number">4.1. </span>Problem definition<a class="headerlink" href="#Problem-definition" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>Given a list of cities and the distance between each pair of cities, the problem asks for the shortest route starting at the first city, visiting each other city exactly once, then returning to the first city. This problem is a generalization of the Hamiltonian path problem, one of Karps 21 NP-complete problems.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="Random-problem-generator">
<h2><span class="section-number">4.2. </span>Random problem generator<a class="headerlink" href="#Random-problem-generator" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>The class <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TravelingSalesmanGenerator</span></code> can be used to generate random instances of this problem. Initially, the generator creates <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(n\)</span> cities <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\((x_1,y_1),\ldots,(x_n,y_n) \in \mathbb{R}^2\)</span>, where <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(n, x_i\)</span> and <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(y_i\)</span> are sampled independently from the provided probability distributions <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">n</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">x</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">y</span></code>. For each pair of cities <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\((i,j)\)</span>, the distance <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(d_{i,j}\)</span> between them is set to:</p>
<div class="math notranslate nohighlight">
\[d_{i,j} = \gamma_{i,j} \sqrt{(x_i-x_j)^2 + (y_i - y_j)^2}\]</div>
<p>where <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\gamma_{i,j}\)</span> is sampled from the distribution <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gamma</span></code>.</p>
<p>If <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fix_cities=True</span></code> is provided, the list of cities is kept the same for all generated instances. The <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(gamma\)</span> values, and therefore also the distances, are still different.</p>
<p>By default, all distances <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(d_{i,j}\)</span> are rounded to the nearest integer. If <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">round=False</span></code> is provided, this rounding will be disabled.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="Challenge-A">
<h2><span class="section-number">4.3. </span>Challenge A<a class="headerlink" href="#Challenge-A" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>Fixed list of 350 cities in the <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\([0, 1000]^2\)</span> square</p></li>
<li><p><span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\gamma_{i,j} \sim U(0.95, 1.05)\)</span></p></li>
<li><p>500 training instances, 50 test instances</p></li>
</ul>
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<span></span><span class="n">TravelingSalesmanGenerator</span><span class="p">(</span>
<span class="n">x</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">uniform</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">loc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">scale</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">1000.0</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="n">y</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">uniform</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">loc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">scale</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">1000.0</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="n">n</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">randint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">low</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">350</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">high</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">351</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="n">gamma</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">uniform</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">loc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.95</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">scale</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.1</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="n">fix_cities</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="nb">round</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
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<span></span>
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