diff --git a/instances/test/case14.json.gz b/instances/test/case14.json.gz
index 682622f..0b7b54d 100644
Binary files a/instances/test/case14.json.gz and b/instances/test/case14.json.gz differ
diff --git a/src/instance/read.jl b/src/instance/read.jl
index 5606adb..ad033e7 100644
--- a/src/instance/read.jl
+++ b/src/instance/read.jl
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ function _from_json(json; repair = true)
     contingencies = Contingency[]
     lines = TransmissionLine[]
     loads = PriceSensitiveLoad[]
-    reserves2 = Reserve[]
+    reserves = Reserve[]
 
     function scalar(x; default = nothing)
         x !== nothing || return default
@@ -119,9 +119,9 @@ function _from_json(json; repair = true)
     end
 
     # Read reserves
-    if "Reserves2" in keys(json)
-        for (reserve_name, dict) in json["Reserves2"]
-            reserve = Reserve(
+    if "Reserves" in keys(json)
+        for (reserve_name, dict) in json["Reserves"]
+            r = Reserve(
                 name = reserve_name,
                 type = lowercase(dict["Type"]),
                 amount = timeseries(dict["Amount (MW)"]),
@@ -131,8 +131,8 @@ function _from_json(json; repair = true)
                     default = -1,
                 ),
             )
-            name_to_reserve[reserve_name] = reserve
-            push!(reserves2, reserve)
+            name_to_reserve[reserve_name] = r
+            push!(reserves, r)
         end
     end
 
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ function _from_json(json; repair = true)
             )
         end
 
-        # Read reserves
+        # Read reserve eligibility
         unit_reserves = Reserve[]
         if "Reserve eligibility" in keys(dict)
             unit_reserves =
@@ -213,10 +213,6 @@ function _from_json(json; repair = true)
             scalar(dict["Shutdown limit (MW)"], default = 1e6),
             initial_status,
             initial_power,
-            timeseries(
-                dict["Provides spinning reserves?"],
-                default = [true for t in 1:T],
-            ),
             startup_categories,
             unit_reserves,
         )
@@ -228,13 +224,6 @@ function _from_json(json; repair = true)
         push!(units, unit)
     end
 
-    # Read reserves
-    reserves = Reserves(zeros(T))
-    if "Reserves" in keys(json)
-        reserves.spinning =
-            timeseries(json["Reserves"]["Spinning (MW)"], default = zeros(T))
-    end
-
     # Read transmission lines
     if "Transmission lines" in keys(json)
         for (line_name, dict) in json["Transmission lines"]
@@ -307,7 +296,6 @@ function _from_json(json; repair = true)
         price_sensitive_loads_by_name = Dict(ps.name => ps for ps in loads),
         price_sensitive_loads = loads,
         reserves = reserves,
-        reserves2 = reserves2,
         reserves_by_name = name_to_reserve,
         shortfall_penalty = shortfall_penalty,
         time = T,
diff --git a/src/instance/structs.jl b/src/instance/structs.jl
index 33827ba..91e87bb 100644
--- a/src/instance/structs.jl
+++ b/src/instance/structs.jl
@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ mutable struct Unit
     shutdown_limit::Float64
     initial_status::Union{Int,Nothing}
     initial_power::Union{Float64,Nothing}
-    provides_spinning_reserves::Vector{Bool}
     startup_categories::Vector{StartupCategory}
     reserves::Vector{Reserve}
 end
@@ -61,10 +60,6 @@ mutable struct TransmissionLine
     flow_limit_penalty::Vector{Float64}
 end
 
-mutable struct Reserves
-    spinning::Vector{Float64}
-end
-
 mutable struct Contingency
     name::String
     lines::Vector{TransmissionLine}
@@ -88,8 +83,7 @@ Base.@kwdef mutable struct UnitCommitmentInstance
     power_balance_penalty::Vector{Float64}
     price_sensitive_loads_by_name::Dict{AbstractString,PriceSensitiveLoad}
     price_sensitive_loads::Vector{PriceSensitiveLoad}
-    reserves::Reserves
-    reserves2::Vector{Reserve}
+    reserves::Vector{Reserve}
     reserves_by_name::Dict{AbstractString,Reserve}
     shortfall_penalty::Vector{Float64}
     time::Int
diff --git a/src/model/formulations/base/system.jl b/src/model/formulations/base/system.jl
index 7fef70f..a265b2e 100644
--- a/src/model/formulations/base/system.jl
+++ b/src/model/formulations/base/system.jl
@@ -28,42 +28,18 @@ function _add_net_injection_eqs!(model::JuMP.Model)::Nothing
 end
 
 function _add_reserve_eqs!(model::JuMP.Model)::Nothing
-    eq_min_reserve = _init(model, :eq_min_reserve)
     instance = model[:instance]
-    for t in 1:instance.time
-        # Equation (68) in Kneuven et al. (2020)
-        # As in Morales-España et al. (2013a)
-        # Akin to the alternative formulation with max_power_avail
-        # from Carrión and Arroyo (2006) and Ostrowski et al. (2012)
-        shortfall_penalty = instance.shortfall_penalty[t]
-        eq_min_reserve[t] = @constraint(
-            model,
-            sum(model[:reserve][g.name, t] for g in instance.units) +
-            (shortfall_penalty >= 0 ? model[:reserve_shortfall][t] : 0.0) >=
-            instance.reserves.spinning[t]
-        )
-
-        # Account for shortfall contribution to objective
-        if shortfall_penalty >= 0
-            add_to_expression!(
-                model[:obj],
-                shortfall_penalty,
-                model[:reserve_shortfall][t],
-            )
-        end
-    end
-
-    eq_min_reserve2 = _init(model, :eq_min_reserve2)
-    for r in instance.reserves2
+    eq_min_reserve = _init(model, :eq_min_reserve)
+    for r in instance.reserves
         for t in 1:instance.time
             # Equation (68) in Kneuven et al. (2020)
             # As in Morales-España et al. (2013a)
             # Akin to the alternative formulation with max_power_avail
             # from Carrión and Arroyo (2006) and Ostrowski et al. (2012)
-            eq_min_reserve2[r.name, t] = @constraint(
+            eq_min_reserve[r.name, t] = @constraint(
                 model,
-                sum(model[:reserve2][r.name, g.name, t] for g in r.units) +
-                model[:reserve_shortfall2][r.name, t] >= r.amount[t]
+                sum(model[:reserve][r.name, g.name, t] for g in r.units) +
+                model[:reserve_shortfall][r.name, t] >= r.amount[t]
             )
 
             # Account for shortfall contribution to objective
@@ -71,7 +47,7 @@ function _add_reserve_eqs!(model::JuMP.Model)::Nothing
                 add_to_expression!(
                     model[:obj],
                     r.shortfall_penalty,
-                    model[:reserve_shortfall2][r.name, t],
+                    model[:reserve_shortfall][r.name, t],
                 )
             end
         end
diff --git a/src/model/formulations/base/unit.jl b/src/model/formulations/base/unit.jl
index 51de4f2..1e08a90 100644
--- a/src/model/formulations/base/unit.jl
+++ b/src/model/formulations/base/unit.jl
@@ -45,26 +45,13 @@ _is_initially_on(g::Unit)::Float64 = (g.initial_status > 0 ? 1.0 : 0.0)
 function _add_reserve_vars!(model::JuMP.Model, g::Unit)::Nothing
     reserve = _init(model, :reserve)
     reserve_shortfall = _init(model, :reserve_shortfall)
-    for t in 1:model[:instance].time
-        if g.provides_spinning_reserves[t]
-            reserve[g.name, t] = @variable(model, lower_bound = 0)
-        else
-            reserve[g.name, t] = 0.0
-        end
-        reserve_shortfall[t] =
-            (model[:instance].shortfall_penalty[t] >= 0) ?
-            @variable(model, lower_bound = 0) : 0.0
-    end
-
-    reserve2 = _init(model, :reserve2)
-    reserve_shortfall2 = _init(model, :reserve_shortfall2)
     for r in g.reserves
         for t in 1:model[:instance].time
-            reserve2[r.name, g.name, t] = @variable(model, lower_bound = 0)
-            if (r.name, t) ∉ keys(reserve_shortfall2)
-                reserve_shortfall2[r.name, t] = @variable(model, lower_bound = 0)
+            reserve[r.name, g.name, t] = @variable(model, lower_bound = 0)
+            if (r.name, t) ∉ keys(reserve_shortfall)
+                reserve_shortfall[r.name, t] = @variable(model, lower_bound = 0)
                 if r.shortfall_penalty < 0
-                    set_upper_bound(reserve_shortfall2[r.name, t], 0.0)
+                    set_upper_bound(reserve_shortfall[r.name, t], 0.0)
                 end
             end
         end
@@ -225,10 +212,10 @@ end
 
 function _total_reserves(model, g)::Vector
     T = model[:instance].time
-    reserve = [model[:reserve][g.name, t] for t in 1:T]
+    reserve = 0.0
     if !isempty(g.reserves)
         reserve += [
-            sum(model[:reserve2][r.name, g.name, t] for r in g.reserves) for
+            sum(model[:reserve][r.name, g.name, t] for r in g.reserves) for
             t in 1:model[:instance].time
         ]
     end
diff --git a/src/solution/solution.jl b/src/solution/solution.jl
index 35de2b3..57d6ef7 100644
--- a/src/solution/solution.jl
+++ b/src/solution/solution.jl
@@ -50,13 +50,6 @@ function solution(model::JuMP.Model)::OrderedDict
     sol["Is on"] = timeseries(model[:is_on], instance.units)
     sol["Switch on"] = timeseries(model[:switch_on], instance.units)
     sol["Switch off"] = timeseries(model[:switch_off], instance.units)
-    sol["Reserve (MW)"] = timeseries(model[:reserve], instance.units)
-    sol["Reserve shortfall (MW)"] = OrderedDict(
-        t =>
-            (instance.shortfall_penalty[t] >= 0) ?
-            round(value(model[:reserve_shortfall][t]), digits = 5) : 0.0 for
-        t in 1:instance.time
-    )
     sol["Net injection (MW)"] =
         timeseries(model[:net_injection], instance.buses)
     sol["Load curtail (MW)"] = timeseries(model[:curtail], instance.buses)
@@ -67,19 +60,19 @@ function solution(model::JuMP.Model)::OrderedDict
         sol["Price-sensitive loads (MW)"] =
             timeseries(model[:loads], instance.price_sensitive_loads)
     end
-    sol["Reserve 2 (MW)"] = OrderedDict(
+    sol["Reserve (MW)"] = OrderedDict(
         r.name => OrderedDict(
             g.name => [
-                value(model[:reserve2][r.name, g.name, t]) for
+                value(model[:reserve][r.name, g.name, t]) for
                 t in 1:instance.time
             ] for g in r.units
-        ) for r in instance.reserves2
+        ) for r in instance.reserves
     )
-    sol["Reserve shortfall 2 (MW)"] = OrderedDict(
+    sol["Reserve shortfall (MW)"] = OrderedDict(
         r.name => [
-            value(model[:reserve_shortfall2][r.name, t]) for
+            value(model[:reserve_shortfall][r.name, t]) for
             t in 1:instance.time
-        ] for r in instance.reserves2
+        ] for r in instance.reserves
     )
     return sol
 end
diff --git a/src/validation/validate.jl b/src/validation/validate.jl
index 62def52..5d69bc7 100644
--- a/src/validation/validate.jl
+++ b/src/validation/validate.jl
@@ -329,30 +329,12 @@ function _validate_reserve_and_demand(instance, solution, tol = 0.01)
             err_count += 1
         end
 
-        # Verify spinning reserves
-        reserve =
-            sum(solution["Reserve (MW)"][g.name][t] for g in instance.units)
-        reserve_shortfall =
-            (instance.shortfall_penalty[t] >= 0) ?
-            solution["Reserve shortfall (MW)"][t] : 0
-
-        if reserve + reserve_shortfall < instance.reserves.spinning[t] - tol
-            @error @sprintf(
-                "Insufficient spinning reserves at time %d (%.2f + %.2f should be %.2f)",
-                t,
-                reserve,
-                reserve_shortfall,
-                instance.reserves.spinning[t],
-            )
-            err_count += 1
-        end
-
         # Verify reserves
-        for r in instance.reserves2
+        for r in instance.reserves
             provided = sum(
-                solution["Reserve 2 (MW)"][r.name][g.name][t] for g in r.units
+                solution["Reserve (MW)"][r.name][g.name][t] for g in r.units
             )
-            shortfall = solution["Reserve shortfall 2 (MW)"][r.name][t]
+            shortfall = solution["Reserve shortfall (MW)"][r.name][t]
             required = r.amount[t]
 
             if provided + shortfall < required - tol