Contents

3. Instances

UnitCommitment.jl provides a large collection of benchmark instances collected from the literature and converted to a common data format. In some cases, as indicated below, the original instances have been extended, with realistic parameters, using data-driven methods. If you use these instances in your research, we request that you cite UnitCommitment.jl [UCJL], as well as the original sources.

Raw instances files are available at our GitHub repository. Benchmark instances can also be loaded with UnitCommitment.read_benchmark(name), as explained in the usage section.

3.1. MATPOWER

MATPOWER is an open-source package for solving power flow problems in MATLAB and Octave. It contains a number of power flow test cases, which have been widely used in the power systems literature.

Because most MATPOWER test cases were originally designed for power flow studies, they lack a number of important unit commitment parameters, such as time-varying loads, production cost curves, ramp limits, reserves and initial conditions. The test cases included in UnitCommitment.jl are extended versions of the original MATPOWER test cases, modified as following:

  • Production cost curves were generated using a data-driven approach, based on publicly available data. More specifically, machine learning models were trained to predict typical production cost curves, for each day of the year, based on a generator’s maximum and minimum power output.

  • Load profiles were generated using a similar data-driven approach.

  • Ramp-up, ramp-down, startup and shutdown rates were set to a fixed proportion of the generator’s maximum output.

  • Minimum reserves were set to a fixed proportion of the total demand.

  • Contingencies were set to include all N-1 transmission line contingencies that do not generate islands or isolated buses. More specifically, there is one contingency for each transmission line, as long as that transmission line is not a bridge in the network graph.

For each MATPOWER test case, UC.jl provides two variations (2017-02-01 and 2017-08-01) corresponding respectively to a winter and to a summer test case.

MATPOWER/UW-PSTCA

A variety of smaller IEEE test cases, compiled by University of Washington, corresponding mostly to small portions of the American Electric Power System in the 1960s.

Name

Buses

Generators

Lines

Contingencies

References

matpower/case14/2017-02-01

14

5

20

19

[MTPWR, PSTCA]

matpower/case14/2017-08-01

14

5

20

19

[MTPWR, PSTCA]

matpower/case30/2017-02-01

30

6

41

38

[MTPWR, PSTCA]

matpower/case30/2017-08-01

30

6

41

38

[MTPWR, PSTCA]

matpower/case57/2017-02-01

57

7

80

79

[MTPWR, PSTCA]

matpower/case57/2017-08-01

57

7

80

79

[MTPWR, PSTCA]

matpower/case118/2017-02-01

118

54

186

177

[MTPWR, PSTCA]

matpower/case118/2017-08-01

118

54

186

177

[MTPWR, PSTCA]

matpower/case300/2017-02-01

300

69

411

320

[MTPWR, PSTCA]

matpower/case300/2017-08-01

300

69

411

320

[MTPWR, PSTCA]

MATPOWER/Polish

Test cases based on the Polish 400, 220 and 110 kV networks, originally provided by Roman Korab (Politechnika Śląska) and corrected by the MATPOWER team.

Name

Buses

Generators

Lines

Contingencies

References

matpower/case2383wp/2017-02-01

2383

323

2896

2240

[MTPWR]

matpower/case2383wp/2017-08-01

2383

323

2896

2240

[MTPWR]

matpower/case2736sp/2017-02-01

2736

289

3504

3159

[MTPWR]

matpower/case2736sp/2017-08-01

2736

289

3504

3159

[MTPWR]

matpower/case2737sop/2017-02-01

2737

267

3506

3161

[MTPWR]

matpower/case2737sop/2017-08-01

2737

267

3506

3161

[MTPWR]

matpower/case2746wop/2017-02-01

2746

443

3514

3155

[MTPWR]

matpower/case2746wop/2017-08-01

2746

443

3514

3155

[MTPWR]

matpower/case2746wp/2017-02-01

2746

457

3514

3156

[MTPWR]

matpower/case2746wp/2017-08-01

2746

457

3514

3156

[MTPWR]

matpower/case3012wp/2017-02-01

3012

496

3572

2854

[MTPWR]

matpower/case3012wp/2017-08-01

3012

496

3572

2854

[MTPWR]

matpower/case3120sp/2017-02-01

3120

483

3693

2950

[MTPWR]

matpower/case3120sp/2017-08-01

3120

483

3693

2950

[MTPWR]

matpower/case3375wp/2017-02-01

3374

590

4161

3245

[MTPWR]

matpower/case3375wp/2017-08-01

3374

590

4161

3245

[MTPWR]

MATPOWER/PEGASE

Test cases from the Pan European Grid Advanced Simulation and State Estimation (PEGASE) project, describing part of the European high voltage transmission network.

Name

Buses

Generators

Lines

Contingencies

References

matpower/case89pegase/2017-02-01

89

12

210

192

[JoFlMa16, FlPaCa13, MTPWR]

matpower/case89pegase/2017-08-01

89

12

210

192

[JoFlMa16, FlPaCa13, MTPWR]

matpower/case1354pegase/2017-02-01

1354

260

1991

1288

[JoFlMa16, FlPaCa13, MTPWR]

matpower/case1354pegase/2017-08-01

1354

260

1991

1288

[JoFlMa16, FlPaCa13, MTPWR]

matpower/case2869pegase/2017-02-01

2869

510

4582

3579

[JoFlMa16, FlPaCa13, MTPWR]

matpower/case2869pegase/2017-08-01

2869

510

4582

3579

[JoFlMa16, FlPaCa13, MTPWR]

matpower/case9241pegase/2017-02-01

9241

1445

16049

13932

[JoFlMa16, FlPaCa13, MTPWR]

matpower/case9241pegase/2017-08-01

9241

1445

16049

13932

[JoFlMa16, FlPaCa13, MTPWR]

matpower/case13659pegase/2017-02-01

13659

4092

20467

13932

[JoFlMa16, FlPaCa13, MTPWR]

matpower/case13659pegase/2017-08-01

13659

4092

20467

13932

[JoFlMa16, FlPaCa13, MTPWR]

MATPOWER/RTE

Test cases from the R&D Division at Reseau de Transport d’Electricite representing the size and complexity of the French very high voltage transmission network.

Name

Buses

Generators

Lines

Contingencies

References

matpower/case1888rte/2017-02-01

1888

296

2531

1484

[MTPWR, JoFlMa16]

matpower/case1888rte/2017-08-01

1888

296

2531

1484

[MTPWR, JoFlMa16]

matpower/case1951rte/2017-02-01

1951

390

2596

1497

[MTPWR, JoFlMa16]

matpower/case1951rte/2017-08-01

1951

390

2596

1497

[MTPWR, JoFlMa16]

matpower/case2848rte/2017-02-01

2848

544

3776

2242

[MTPWR, JoFlMa16]

matpower/case2848rte/2017-08-01

2848

544

3776

2242

[MTPWR, JoFlMa16]

matpower/case2868rte/2017-02-01

2868

596

3808

2260

[MTPWR, JoFlMa16]

matpower/case2868rte/2017-08-01

2868

596

3808

2260

[MTPWR, JoFlMa16]

matpower/case6468rte/2017-02-01

6468

1262

9000

6094

[MTPWR, JoFlMa16]

matpower/case6468rte/2017-08-01

6468

1262

9000

6094

[MTPWR, JoFlMa16]

matpower/case6470rte/2017-02-01

6470

1306

9005

6085

[MTPWR, JoFlMa16]

matpower/case6470rte/2017-08-01

6470

1306

9005

6085

[MTPWR, JoFlMa16]

matpower/case6495rte/2017-02-01

6495

1352

9019

6060

[MTPWR, JoFlMa16]

matpower/case6495rte/2017-08-01

6495

1352

9019

6060

[MTPWR, JoFlMa16]

matpower/case6515rte/2017-02-01

6515

1368

9037

6063

[MTPWR, JoFlMa16]

matpower/case6515rte/2017-08-01

6515

1368

9037

6063

[MTPWR, JoFlMa16]

3.2. PGLIB-UC Instances

PGLIB-UC is a benchmark library curated and maintained by the IEEE PES Task Force on Benchmarks for Validation of Emerging Power System Algorithms. These test cases have been used in [KnOsWa20].

PGLIB-UC/California

Test cases based on publicly available data from the California ISO. For more details, see PGLIB-UC case file overview.

Name

Buses

Generators

Lines

Contingencies

References

pglib-uc/ca/2014-09-01_reserves_0

1

610

0

0

[KnOsWa20]

pglib-uc/ca/2014-09-01_reserves_1

1

610

0

0

[KnOsWa20]

pglib-uc/ca/2014-09-01_reserves_3

1

610

0

0

[KnOsWa20]

pglib-uc/ca/2014-09-01_reserves_5

1

610

0

0

[KnOsWa20]

pglib-uc/ca/2014-12-01_reserves_0

1

610

0

0

[KnOsWa20]

pglib-uc/ca/2014-12-01_reserves_1

1

610

0

0

[KnOsWa20]

pglib-uc/ca/2014-12-01_reserves_3

1

610

0

0

[KnOsWa20]

pglib-uc/ca/2014-12-01_reserves_5

1

610

0

0

[KnOsWa20]

pglib-uc/ca/2015-03-01_reserves_0

1

610

0

0

[KnOsWa20]

pglib-uc/ca/2015-03-01_reserves_1

1

610

0

0

[KnOsWa20]

pglib-uc/ca/2015-03-01_reserves_3

1

610

0

0

[KnOsWa20]

pglib-uc/ca/2015-03-01_reserves_5

1

610

0

0

[KnOsWa20]

pglib-uc/ca/2015-06-01_reserves_0

1

610

0

0

[KnOsWa20]

pglib-uc/ca/2015-06-01_reserves_1

1

610

0

0

[KnOsWa20]

pglib-uc/ca/2015-06-01_reserves_3

1

610

0

0

[KnOsWa20]

pglib-uc/ca/2015-06-01_reserves_5

1

610

0

0

[KnOsWa20]

pglib-uc/ca/Scenario400_reserves_0

1

611

0

0

[KnOsWa20]

pglib-uc/ca/Scenario400_reserves_1

1

611

0

0

[KnOsWa20]

pglib-uc/ca/Scenario400_reserves_3

1

611

0

0

[KnOsWa20]

pglib-uc/ca/Scenario400_reserves_5

1

611

0

0

[KnOsWa20]

PGLIB-UC/FERC

Test cases based on a publicly available unit commitment test case produced by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. For more details, see PGLIB-UC case file overview.

Name

Buses

Generators

Lines

Contingencies

References

pglib-uc/ferc/2015-01-01_hw

1

935

0

0

[KnOsWa20, KrHiOn12]

pglib-uc/ferc/2015-01-01_lw

1

935

0

0

[KnOsWa20, KrHiOn12]

pglib-uc/ferc/2015-02-01_hw

1

935

0

0

[KnOsWa20, KrHiOn12]

pglib-uc/ferc/2015-02-01_lw

1

935

0

0

[KnOsWa20, KrHiOn12]

pglib-uc/ferc/2015-03-01_hw

1

935

0

0

[KnOsWa20, KrHiOn12]

pglib-uc/ferc/2015-03-01_lw

1

935

0

0

[KnOsWa20, KrHiOn12]

pglib-uc/ferc/2015-04-01_hw

1

979

0

0

[KnOsWa20, KrHiOn12]

pglib-uc/ferc/2015-04-01_lw

1

979

0

0

[KnOsWa20, KrHiOn12]

pglib-uc/ferc/2015-05-01_hw

1

979

0

0

[KnOsWa20, KrHiOn12]

pglib-uc/ferc/2015-05-01_lw

1

979

0

0

[KnOsWa20, KrHiOn12]

pglib-uc/ferc/2015-06-01_hw

1

979

0

0

[KnOsWa20, KrHiOn12]

pglib-uc/ferc/2015-06-01_lw

1

979

0

0

[KnOsWa20, KrHiOn12]

pglib-uc/ferc/2015-07-01_hw

1

979

0

0

[KnOsWa20, KrHiOn12]

pglib-uc/ferc/2015-07-01_lw

1

979

0

0

[KnOsWa20, KrHiOn12]

pglib-uc/ferc/2015-08-01_hw

1

979

0

0

[KnOsWa20, KrHiOn12]

pglib-uc/ferc/2015-08-01_lw

1

979

0

0

[KnOsWa20, KrHiOn12]

pglib-uc/ferc/2015-09-01_hw

1

979

0

0

[KnOsWa20, KrHiOn12]

pglib-uc/ferc/2015-09-01_lw

1

979

0

0

[KnOsWa20, KrHiOn12]

pglib-uc/ferc/2015-10-01_hw

1

935

0

0

[KnOsWa20, KrHiOn12]

pglib-uc/ferc/2015-10-01_lw

1

935

0

0

[KnOsWa20, KrHiOn12]

pglib-uc/ferc/2015-11-02_hw

1

935

0

0

[KnOsWa20, KrHiOn12]

pglib-uc/ferc/2015-11-02_lw

1

935

0

0

[KnOsWa20, KrHiOn12]

pglib-uc/ferc/2015-12-01_hw

1

935

0

0

[KnOsWa20, KrHiOn12]

pglib-uc/ferc/2015-12-01_lw

1

935

0

0

[KnOsWa20, KrHiOn12]

PGLIB-UC/RTS-GMLC

RTS-GMLC is an updated version of the RTS-96 test system produced by the United States Department of Energy’s Grid Modernization Laboratory Consortium. The PGLIB-UC/RTS-GMLC instances are modified versions of the original RTS-GMLC instances, with modified ramp-rates and without a transmission network. For more details, see PGLIB-UC case file overview.

Name

Buses

Generators

Lines

Contingencies

References

pglib-uc/rts_gmlc/2020-01-27

1

154

0

0

[BaBlEh19]

pglib-uc/rts_gmlc/2020-02-09

1

154

0

0

[BaBlEh19]

pglib-uc/rts_gmlc/2020-03-05

1

154

0

0

[BaBlEh19]

pglib-uc/rts_gmlc/2020-04-03

1

154

0

0

[BaBlEh19]

pglib-uc/rts_gmlc/2020-05-05

1

154

0

0

[BaBlEh19]

pglib-uc/rts_gmlc/2020-06-09

1

154

0

0

[BaBlEh19]

pglib-uc/rts_gmlc/2020-07-06

1

154

0

0

[BaBlEh19]

pglib-uc/rts_gmlc/2020-08-12

1

154

0

0

[BaBlEh19]

pglib-uc/rts_gmlc/2020-09-20

1

154

0

0

[BaBlEh19]

pglib-uc/rts_gmlc/2020-10-27

1

154

0

0

[BaBlEh19]

pglib-uc/rts_gmlc/2020-11-25

1

154

0

0

[BaBlEh19]

pglib-uc/rts_gmlc/2020-12-23

1

154

0

0

[BaBlEh19]

3.3. OR-LIB/UC

OR-LIB is a collection of test data sets for a variety of operations research problems, including unit commitment. The UC instances in OR-LIB are synthetic instances generated by a random problem generator developed by the Operations Research Group at University of Pisa. These test cases have been used in [FrGe06] and many other publications.

Name

Hours

Buses

Generators

Lines

Contingencies

References

or-lib/10_0_1_w

24

1

10

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/10_0_2_w

24

1

10

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/10_0_3_w

24

1

10

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/10_0_4_w

24

1

10

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/10_0_5_w

24

1

10

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/20_0_1_w

24

1

20

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/20_0_2_w

24

1

20

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/20_0_3_w

24

1

20

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/20_0_4_w

24

1

20

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/20_0_5_w

24

1

20

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/50_0_1_w

24

1

50

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/50_0_2_w

24

1

50

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/50_0_3_w

24

1

50

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/50_0_4_w

24

1

50

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/50_0_5_w

24

1

50

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/75_0_1_w

24

1

75

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/75_0_2_w

24

1

75

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/75_0_3_w

24

1

75

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/75_0_4_w

24

1

75

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/75_0_5_w

24

1

75

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/100_0_1_w

24

1

100

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/100_0_2_w

24

1

100

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/100_0_3_w

24

1

100

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/100_0_4_w

24

1

100

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/100_0_5_w

24

1

100

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/150_0_1_w

24

1

150

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/150_0_2_w

24

1

150

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/150_0_3_w

24

1

150

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/150_0_4_w

24

1

150

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/150_0_5_w

24

1

150

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/200_0_10_w

24

1

200

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/200_0_11_w

24

1

200

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/200_0_12_w

24

1

200

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/200_0_1_w

24

1

200

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/200_0_2_w

24

1

200

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/200_0_3_w

24

1

200

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/200_0_4_w

24

1

200

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/200_0_5_w

24

1

200

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/200_0_6_w

24

1

200

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/200_0_7_w

24

1

200

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/200_0_8_w

24

1

200

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

or-lib/200_0_9_w

24

1

200

0

0

[ORLIB, FrGe06]

3.4. Tejada19

Test cases used in [TeLuSa19]. These instances are similar to OR-LIB/UC, in the sense that they use the same random problem generator, but are much larger.

Name

Hours

Buses

Generators

Lines

Contingencies

References

tejada19/UC_24h_214g

24

1

214

0

0

[TeLuSa19]

tejada19/UC_24h_250g

24

1

250

0

0

[TeLuSa19]

tejada19/UC_24h_290g

24

1

290

0

0

[TeLuSa19]

tejada19/UC_24h_480g

24

1

480

0

0

[TeLuSa19]

tejada19/UC_24h_505g

24

1

505

0

0

[TeLuSa19]

tejada19/UC_24h_623g

24

1

623

0

0

[TeLuSa19]

tejada19/UC_24h_647g

24

1

647

0

0

[TeLuSa19]

tejada19/UC_24h_836g

24

1

836

0

0

[TeLuSa19]

tejada19/UC_24h_850g

24

1

850

0

0

[TeLuSa19]

tejada19/UC_24h_918g

24

1

918

0

0

[TeLuSa19]

tejada19/UC_24h_931g

24

1

931

0

0

[TeLuSa19]

tejada19/UC_24h_940g

24

1

940

0

0

[TeLuSa19]

tejada19/UC_24h_957g

24

1

957

0

0

[TeLuSa19]

tejada19/UC_24h_959g

24

1

959

0

0

[TeLuSa19]

tejada19/UC_24h_1069g

24

1

1069

0

0

[TeLuSa19]

tejada19/UC_24h_1130g

24

1

1130

0

0

[TeLuSa19]

tejada19/UC_24h_1376g

24

1

1376

0

0

[TeLuSa19]

tejada19/UC_24h_1393g

24

1

1393

0

0

[TeLuSa19]

tejada19/UC_24h_1577g

24

1

1577

0

0

[TeLuSa19]

tejada19/UC_24h_1615g

24

1

1615

0

0

[TeLuSa19]

tejada19/UC_24h_1632g

24

1

1632

0

0

[TeLuSa19]

tejada19/UC_24h_1768g

24

1

1768

0

0

[TeLuSa19]

tejada19/UC_24h_1804g

24

1

1804

0

0

[TeLuSa19]

tejada19/UC_24h_1820g

24

1

1820

0

0

[TeLuSa19]

tejada19/UC_24h_1823g

24

1

1823

0

0

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tejada19/UC_24h_1888g

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tejada19/UC_168h_53g

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[TeLuSa19]

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[TeLuSa19]

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[TeLuSa19]

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[TeLuSa19]

tejada19/UC_168h_125g

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[TeLuSa19]

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[TeLuSa19]

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[TeLuSa19]

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[TeLuSa19]

tejada19/UC_168h_179g

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[TeLuSa19]

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[TeLuSa19]

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[TeLuSa19]

tejada19/UC_168h_199g

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[TeLuSa19]

3.5. References

  • [UCJL] Alinson S. Xavier, Feng Qiu. “UnitCommitment.jl: A Julia/JuMP Optimization Package for Security-Constrained Unit Commitment”. Zenodo (2020). DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4269874

  • [KnOsWa20] Bernard Knueven, James Ostrowski and Jean-Paul Watson. “On Mixed-Integer Programming Formulations for the Unit Commitment Problem”. INFORMS Journal on Computing (2020). DOI: 10.1287/ijoc.2019.0944

  • [KrHiOn12] Eric Krall, Michael Higgins and Richard P. O’Neill. “RTO unit commitment test system.” Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. Available at: https://www.ferc.gov/industries-data/electric/power-sales-and-markets/increasing-efficiency-through-improved-software-1 (Accessed: Nov 14, 2020)

  • [BaBlEh19] Clayton Barrows, Aaron Bloom, Ali Ehlen, Jussi Ikaheimo, Jennie Jorgenson, Dheepak Krishnamurthy, Jessica Lau et al. “The IEEE Reliability Test System: A Proposed 2019 Update.” IEEE Transactions on Power Systems (2019). DOI: 10.1109/TPWRS.2019.2925557

  • [JoFlMa16] C. Josz, S. Fliscounakis, J. Maeght, and P. Panciatici. “AC Power Flow Data in MATPOWER and QCQP Format: iTesla, RTE Snapshots, and PEGASE”. ArXiv (2016).

  • [FlPaCa13] S. Fliscounakis, P. Panciatici, F. Capitanescu, and L. Wehenkel. “Contingency ranking with respect to overloads in very large power systems taking into account uncertainty, preventive and corrective actions”, Power Systems, IEEE Trans. on, (28)4:4909-4917, 2013. DOI: 10.1109/TPWRS.2013.2251015

  • [MTPWR] D. Zimmerman, C. E. Murillo-Sandnchez and R. J. Thomas. “Matpower: Steady-state operations, planning, and analysis tools forpower systems research and education”, IEEE Transactions on PowerSystems, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 12 –19, Feb. 2011. DOI: 10.1109/TPWRS.2010.2051168

  • [PSTCA] University of Washington, Dept. of Electrical Engineering. “Power Systems Test Case Archive”. Available at: http://www.ee.washington.edu/research/pstca/ (Accessed: Nov 14, 2020)

  • [ORLIB] J.E.Beasley. “OR-Library: distributing test problems by electronic mail”, Journal of the Operational Research Society 41(11) (1990). DOI: 10.2307/2582903

  • [FrGe06] A. Frangioni, C. Gentile. “Solving nonlinear single-unit commitment problems with ramping constraints” Operations Research 54(4), p. 767 - 775, 2006. DOI: 10.1287/opre.1060.0309

  • [TeLuSa19] D. A. Tejada-Arango, S. Lumbreras, P. Sanchez-Martin and A. Ramos. “Which Unit-Commitment Formulation is Best? A Systematic Comparison,” in IEEE Transactions on Power Systems. DOI: 10.1109/TPWRS.2019.2962024.

2. Data Format